Cisco Systems IP Phone OL 8131 01 User Manual

C H A P T E R  
2
Preparing to Install the  
Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your  
Network  
Cisco Unified IP Phones enable you to communicate using voice over a data  
network. To provide this capability, the Cisco Unified IP Phones depend upon and  
interact with several other key Cisco Unified Communications Products,  
including Cisco Unified CallManager.  
This chapter provides you with an important overview of the interaction between  
the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7905G and 7912G and other key components of the  
Voice over IP (VoIP) network.  
This chapter includes the following topics:  
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Chapter 2 Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network  
Understanding Interactions with Other Cisco Unified Communications Products  
Understanding How the Cisco Unified IP Phone Interacts with the  
Cisco Catalyst Family of Switches  
The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7912G has an internal Ethernet switch, enabling it to  
switch incoming traffic to the phone, to the access port, or to the network port.  
The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7905G do not include an internal Ethernet switch or  
an access port.  
If a computer is connected to the access port, the computer and the phone share  
the same physical link to the switch and share the same port on the switch. This  
shared physical link has the following implications for the VLAN configuration  
on the network:  
The current VLANs may be configured on an IP subnet basis. However,  
additional IP addresses may not be available to assign the phone to the same  
subnet as other devices connected to the same port.  
Data traffic present on the VLAN supporting phones may reduce the quality  
of Voice-over-IP traffic.  
You can resolve these issues by isolating the voice traffic onto a separate VLAN  
on each of the ports connected to a phone. The switch port configured for  
connecting a phone would have separate VLANs configured for carrying:  
Voice traffic to and from the IP phone (auxiliary VLAN)  
Data traffic to and from the PC connected to the switch through the access  
port of the IP phone (native VLAN)  
Isolating the phones on a separate, auxiliary VLAN increases the quality of the  
voice traffic and allows a large number of phones to be added to an existing  
network where there are not enough IP addresses.  
For more information, refer to the documentation included with the  
Cisco Catalyst switch.  
Related Topics  
Network and Access Ports, page 3-5  
Network Configuration Menu Parameter Descriptions, page 4-10  
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Chapter 2 Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network  
Understanding the Phone Startup Process  
Understanding the Phone Startup Process  
When connecting to the VoIP network, the Cisco Unified IP Phone goes through  
a standard startup process composed of the steps described in Table 2-1.  
Depending on your specific network configuration, not all of these steps may  
occur on your Cisco Unified IP Phone.  
Table 2-1 Cisco Unified IP Phone Startup Process  
Step  
Configuration  
Related Topics  
1. Obtaining Power  
from the Switch  
You can connect the Cisco Unified IP Phone to a  
Cisco Catalyst switch with one of the modules that  
provides power to the phone (WS-X6348-RJ45V).  
If you use this optional configuration, the phone  
receives phantom power and powers up when you  
connect the Cisco Unified IP Phone to the switch.  
The phone then sends Cisco Discovery Protocol  
(CDP) notifications to the switch indicating that it  
is ready to receive CDP packets and indicating the  
power requirement for the phone. The switch  
allocates power and sends it over the network  
cable.  
Resolving Startup  
Problems, page 7-2  
2. Loading the Stored  
Phone Image  
The Cisco Unified IP Phone has non-volatile Flash  
memory in which it stores firmware images and  
user-defined preferences. At startup, the phone  
runs a bootstrap loader that loads a phone image  
stored in Flash memory. Using this image, the  
phone initializes its software and hardware.  
Resolving Startup  
Problems, page 7-2  
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Understanding the Phone Startup Process  
Table 2-1 Cisco Unified IP Phone Startup Process (continued)  
Step  
Configuration  
Related Topics  
3. Configuring VLAN  
If the Cisco Unified IP Phone is connected to a  
Cisco Catalyst switch, the switch next informs the  
phone of the voice VLAN defined on the switch.  
The phone needs to know its VLAN membership  
before it can proceed with the Dynamic Host  
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) request for an IP  
address.  
“Network  
Configuration  
Menu Parameter  
Descriptions”  
section on  
page 4-10  
“Resolving Startup  
Problems” section  
on page 7-2  
4. Obtaining an IP  
Address  
If the Cisco Unified IP Phone is using DHCP to  
obtain an IP address, the phone queries the DHCP  
server to obtain one. If you are not using DHCP in  
your network, you must assign a static IP address  
to each phone locally.  
“Network  
Configuration  
Menu Parameter  
Descriptions”  
section on  
page 4-10  
“Configuring IP  
Settings” section on  
page 4-7  
“Resolving Startup  
Problems” section  
on page 7-2  
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Understanding the Phone Startup Process  
Table 2-1 Cisco Unified IP Phone Startup Process (continued)  
Step  
Configuration  
Related Topics  
5. Accessing a TFTP  
Server  
In addition to assigning an IP address, the DHCP  
server directs the Cisco Unified IP Phone to a  
TFTP Server. If the phone has a statically defined  
IP address, you must configure the TFTP server  
locally on the phone; the phone then contacts the  
TFTP server directly.  
“Network  
Configuration  
Menu Parameter  
Descriptions”  
section on  
page 4-10  
“Resolving Startup  
Problems” section  
on page 7-2  
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Understanding the Phone Startup Process  
Table 2-1 Cisco Unified IP Phone Startup Process (continued)  
Step  
Configuration  
The TFTP server has configuration files and  
Related Topics  
6. Requesting the  
Configuration File and profile files. A configuration file includes  
the Profile File  
parameters for connecting to  
Cisco Unified CallManager and information about  
which image load a phone should be running. A  
profile file contains various parameters and values  
for phone and network settings.  
“Resolving Startup  
Problems” section  
on page 7-2  
7. Contacting  
The configuration file defines how the  
Cisco Unified CallMan Cisco Unified IP Phone communicates with  
ager  
Cisco Unified CallManager. After obtaining the  
file from the TFTP server, the phone attempts to  
make a TCP connection to the highest priority  
Cisco Unified CallManager on the list.  
“Resolving Startup  
Problems” section  
on page 7-2  
If the phone was manually added to the database,  
Cisco Unified CallManager identifies the phone.  
If the phone was not manually added to the  
database and auto-registration is enabled in  
Cisco Unified CallManager, the phone attempts to  
auto-register itself in the  
Cisco Unified CallManager database.  
Cisco Unified CallManager informs devices,  
using the following configuration file formats, of  
their load ID. Note that mac is the hexadecimal  
representation of the MAC address of the phone:  
For  
Cisco Unified IP Phone 7905G—ld<mac> or  
ld<mac>.x  
For  
Cisco Unified IP Phone 7912G—gk<mac> or  
gk<mac>.x  
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Understanding Phone Configuration Files and Profile Files  
Understanding Phone Configuration Files and Profile  
Files  
Configuration files for a phone are stored on the TFTP server and define  
parameters for connecting to Cisco Unified CallManager. In general, any time  
you make a change in Cisco Unified CallManager that requires the phone to be  
reset, a change is made to the phone’s configuration file automatically.  
Configuration files also contain information about which image load the phone  
should be running. If this image load differs from the one currently loaded on a  
phone, the phone contacts the TFTP server to request the new image file.  
The phone first requests the following configuration file, where mac is the  
hexadecimal representation of the MAC address of the phone:  
For Cisco Unified IP Phone 7905G—ld<mac> or ld<mac>.x  
For Cisco Unified IP Phone 7912G—gk<mac> or gk<mac>.x  
If the phone cannot find a file of this naming convention, the phone then looks for  
the following file:  
For Cisco Unified IP Phone 7905G—lddefault.cfg or lddefault.cfg.x  
For Cisco Unified IP Phone 7912G—gkdefault.cfg or gkdefault.cfg.x  
After the phone finds one of the profile files, or if it cannot find a profile file, it  
continues with its startup process.  
Note  
For information on using your phone in a secure Cisco Unified CallManager  
environment, see the “Configuring the Encryption Key” section on page 4-7.  
Related Topics  
Resolving Startup Problems, page 7-2  
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Chapter 2 Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network  
Providing Power to the Cisco Unified IP Phone  
Providing Power to the Cisco Unified IP Phone  
You can power a Cisco Unified IP Phone by the following sources:  
External power—optional Cisco AC adapter and power cord for connecting  
to a standard wall receptacle.  
Inline power—inline power provider to the Cisco Unified IP Phone when  
connected to a Cisco Catalyst switch capable of providing inline power.  
Note  
Only the network port supports inline power from the Cisco Catalyst  
switches.  
WS-X6348-RJ45V 10/100 switching module—Inline power provider to the  
Cisco Unified IP Phone when connected to a Catalyst 6000 family  
10/100BaseTX switching module.  
This module sends power on pins 1 & 2 and 3 & 6, which are also used to  
transmit Ethernet signals. Before the switch sends power, it tests for the  
presence of a Cisco Unified IP Phone, avoiding damage to other Ethernet  
devices.  
Note  
Only the network port supports inline power from the Cisco Catalyst  
switches.  
WS-PWR-PANEL—power patch panel that allows the Cisco Unified IP  
Phone to be connected to existing Catalyst 4000, 5000, and 6000 family  
10/100BaseTX switching modules.  
This module sends power on pins 4, 5, 7, & 8, which are not used for Ethernet  
signaling. The power patch panel also attempts to verify that the attached  
device is a Cisco Unified IP Phone before providing power.  
Related Topics  
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Chapter 2 Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network  
Providing Power to the Cisco Unified IP Phone  
Installing the Cisco Unified IP Phone, page 3-6  
Power Outage  
Your accessibility to emergency service through the phone is dependent on the  
phone being powered. If there is an interruption in the power supply, Service and  
Emergency Calling Service dialing will not function until power is restored. In the  
case of a power failure or disruption, you may need to reset or reconfigure  
equipment before using the Service or Emergency Calling Service dialing.  
Power Source Design  
The phone and switch automatically determine which power source the phone  
uses. If the power has to be switched to a different source, the phone user will  
experience different results based on which power source is being used by the  
phone.  
Use the following information to choose a power source for the phone:  
If you plug a phone into the optional power supply before plugging it into the  
network, the phone is powered by the power supply.  
If you then unplug the phone from the power supply, the phone resets. If the  
switch port is configured for 10/100 Mbps, the switch recognizes the loss of  
power and brings the phone back up.  
If the switch port is configured for 10 Mbps only, then you must unplug the  
network connection and plug it back into the phone for the switch to  
recognize the phone’s loss of power.  
If, however, you plugged the network connection into the phone before you  
plugged in the power cord, the phone receives power through the switch, and  
unplugging the power cord will not bring down the phone. If the switch  
reboots, the phone will then be powered by the power cord.  
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Providing Power to the Cisco Unified IP Phone  
Related Topics  
Installing the Cisco Unified IP Phone, page 3-6  
Redundancy Feature  
For redundancy, you can use the Cisco AC adapter even if you are using inline  
power from the Cisco Catalyst switches. The Cisco Unified IP Phone can share  
the power load being used from the inline power and external power source. If  
either the inline power or the external power goes down, the phone can switch  
entirely to the other power source.  
To use this redundancy feature, follow these steps:  
Procedure  
Step 1  
Step 2  
Step 3  
Set the inline power mode to auto on the Cisco Catalyst switch.  
Connect the unpowered Cisco Unified IP Phone to the network.  
Connect the external power supply to the phone after the phone powers up.  
Related Topics  
Installing the Cisco Unified IP Phone, page 3-6  
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Chapter 2 Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network  
Determining the MAC Address of a Cisco Unified IP Phone  
Determining the MAC Address of a Cisco Unified IP  
Phone  
There are several procedures that require you to determine and enter the MAC  
address of a Cisco Unified IP Phone. These procedures include adding phones the  
the Cisco Unified CallManager database using Cisco Unified CallManager  
Administration or using BAT.  
Table 2-2 describes the methods that you can use to determine the MAC address  
of a phone.  
Table 2-2 Determining the MAC Address of a Phone  
Cisco Unified  
IP Phone  
Method  
Reference  
7905G and  
7912G  
Choose Menu > Settings >  
Network Configuration and Settings on the Cisco  
See Chapter 4, “Configuring  
look at the MAC Address field Unified IP Phone.”  
7905G and  
7912G  
Display the Phone  
See Appendix A, “Reference  
Configuration Web Page and List of Parameters.”  
look for the MAC address;  
enter:  
http://PHONE_IPAddress>  
Adding Phones to the Cisco Unified CallManager  
Database  
Before installing the Cisco Unified IP phone, you must choose a method for  
adding phones to the Cisco Unified CallManager database. The following  
sections describe these methods:  
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Adding Phones to the Cisco Unified CallManager Database  
Table 2-3 provides an overview of these methods for adding phones to the  
Cisco Unified CallManager database.  
Table 2-3 Methods for Adding Phones to the Cisco Unified CallManager  
Database  
Requires MAC  
Address?  
Method  
Notes  
Auto-registration  
No  
Results in automatic  
assignment of directory  
numbers  
Auto-registration with TAPS No  
Requires auto-registration and  
the Bulk Administration Tool  
(BAT); updates information in  
the Cisco Unified IP Phone  
and in  
Cisco Unified CallManager  
Administration  
Using the Cisco Unified  
CallManager Administration  
only  
Yes  
Yes  
Requires phones to be added  
individually  
Using BAT  
Allows for simultaneous  
registration of multiple phones  
Adding Phones with Auto-Registration  
You can add phones with auto-registration without first gathering MAC addresses  
from the phones.  
When auto-registration is enabled, Cisco Unified CallManager begins the  
automatic startup process to obtain a directory number. During auto-registration,  
Cisco Unified CallManager automatically assigns the next available sequential  
directory number to the phone.  
When you use this method, Cisco Unified CallManager automatically assigns  
directory numbers to new phones as they register with Cisco Unified  
CallManager.  
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Adding Phones to the Cisco Unified CallManager Database  
You can use auto-registration to quickly enter phones into the  
Cisco Unified CallManager database. You can then modify any settings, such as  
the directory numbers, from Cisco Unified CallManager. Additionally, you can  
move auto-registered phones to new locations and assign them to different device  
pools without affecting their directory numbers.  
Auto-registration is enabled by default if Cisco Unified CallManager is operating  
in non-secured mode.  
For information about enabling and configuring auto-registration, refer to Cisco  
Unified CallManager Administration Guide.  
Related Topics  
Adding Phones with Cisco Unified CallManager Administration  
You can add phones individually to the Cisco Unified CallManager database  
using Cisco Unified CallManager Administration web pages. To do so, you first  
need to obtain the MAC address for each phone. See the “Determining the MAC  
After you have collected MAC addresses, choose Device > Phone > Add New in  
Cisco Unified CallManager Administration to begin.  
For additional instructions and conceptual information about Cisco Unified  
CallManager, refer to Cisco Unified CallManager Administration Guide and to  
Cisco Unified CallManager System Guide.  
Related Topics  
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Chapter 2 Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network  
Creating a SIP Profile  
Adding Phones with BAT  
The Cisco Unified Bulk Administration Tool (BAT) is a plug-in application for  
Cisco Unified CallManager that enables you to perform batch operations,  
including registration, on multiple phones.  
To add phones using BAT only (not in conjunction with TAPS), you first need to  
obtain the appropriate MAC address for each phone. See the “Determining the  
For detailed instructions about using BAT, refer to Cisco Unified CallManager  
Administration Guide and to Cisco Unified CallManager Bulk Administration  
Guide.  
Related Topics  
Creating a SIP Profile  
Each SIP IP phone on the network must be associated with a SIP profile. To create  
a SIP profile, navigate from Cisco Unified CallManager Administration to Device  
> Device Settings > SIP Profile. Most fields on the SIP Profile Configuration  
screen contain default values that you can use. However, some fields require  
configuration.  
For complete information about SIP profiles and the SIP Profile Configuration  
screen, refer to the Cisco Unified CallManager Administration Guide.  
To create a unique SIP profile for a phone on your network, follow these steps:  
Procedure  
Step 1  
Step 2  
Step 3  
Click Copy to the right of the screen containing an existing SIP Profile.  
Make changes in the applicable fields that are specific to your new SIP profile.  
Name the unique SIP profile with a descriptive name.  
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Creating a SIP Profile  
Step 4  
Click Save.  
Note  
You must assign a SIP profile to each phone after you have configured and named  
your SIP profiles.  
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Chapter 2 Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network  
Using Cisco Unified IP Phones with Different Protocols  
To select the applicable device profile, follow these steps:  
Procedure  
Step 1  
Step 2  
From Cisco Unified CallManager Administration, navigate to Device > Phone.  
Click on the name of the phone you are configuring to bring up the Phone  
Configuration screen.  
Step 3  
Step 4  
In the Protocol Specific Information portion of the screen, use the arrow keys in  
the SIP Profile field to select the profile name you want.  
Click Save.  
Using Cisco Unified IP Phones with Different  
Protocols  
The Cisco Unified IP Phone can operate with SCCP (Skinny Client Control  
Protocol) or SIP (Session Initiation Protocol). You can convert a phone that is  
using one protocol for use with the other protocol.  
This section includes these topics:  
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Chapter 2 Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network  
Using Cisco Unified IP Phones with Different Protocols  
Converting a New Phone from SCCP to SIP  
A new, unused phone is set for SCCP by default. To convert this phone to SIP,  
perform these steps:  
Procedure  
Step 1  
Take one of these actions:  
To auto-register the phone, set the Auto Registration Phone Protocol  
parameter in Cisco Unified CallManager Administration to SIP.  
To provision the phone using the Bulk Administration Tool (BAT), choose the  
appropriate phone and choose SIP from the BAT.  
To provision the phone manually, make the appropriate changes for SIP on  
the Phone Configuration page in Cisco Unified CallManager Administration.  
Refer to Cisco Unified CallManager Administration Guide for detailed  
information about Cisco Unified CallManager configuration. Refer to Cisco  
Unified CallManager Bulk Administration Guide for detailed information about  
using the BAT.  
Step 2  
Step 3  
If you are not using DHCP in your network, configure the network parameters for  
the phone.  
See the “Configuring Startup Network Settings” section on page 3-14.  
Power cycle the phone.  
Converting an In-Use Phone from SCCP to SIP  
You can use the Bulk Administration Tool (BAT) to convert a phone that is in use  
in your network from SCCP to SIP. To access BAT from Cisco Unified  
CallManager Administration, choose Bulk Administration > Phones > Migrate  
Phones > SCCP to SIP. For detailed information, refer to the “Migrating Phones”  
chapter in the Cisco Unified CallManager Bulk Administration Guide.  
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Chapter 2 Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network  
Using Cisco Unified IP Phones with Different Protocols  
Converting an In-Use Phone from SIP to SCCP  
To convert a phone that is in use in your network from SIP to SCCP, perform these  
steps. For more information, Cisco Unified CallManager Administration Guide.  
Procedure  
Step 1  
Step 2  
Step 3  
In Cisco Unified CallManager Administration, delete the existing SIP phone from  
the Cisco Unified CallManager database.  
In Cisco Unified CallManager Administration, create the phone as an SCCP  
phone.  
Power cycle the phone.  
Deploying a Phone in an SCCP and SIP Environment  
To deploy Cisco Unified IP Phones in an environment that includes SCCP and SIP  
and in which the Cisco Unified CallManager Auto-Registration parameter is  
SCCP, perform these general steps:  
Procedure  
Step 1  
Set the Cisco Unified CallManager Auto Registration Phone Protocol parameter  
to SCCP.  
To do so, from Cisco Unified CallManager Administration, choose System >  
Enterprise Parameters.  
Step 2  
Step 3  
Step 4  
Install the phones.  
Change the auto_registration_protocol parameter to SIP.  
Auto-register the SIP phones.  
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Using Cisco Unified IP Phones with Different Protocols  
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